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LIVESTOCK
INVESTMENTS...
financial justification for raising suri alpaca
by Jack W. Donaldson
The
beginning of most suri alpaca operations starts from the desire to acquire
these wonderful animals and the vision of a very desirable lifestyle that
appears to come with them. Sometimes the desire and vision is so powerful
that the initial investment comes before the definition of purpose for
the investment- the car before the horse syndrome.
Within
moments of writing the first check, there comes the realization that you
need to justify your actions. Not only are friends and relatives questioning
your sanity, there's also this voice in your own mind demanding validation
that you have indeed made a rational decision. Some people take longer
than others to start the planning phase. I don't believe the start process
has anything to do with the IQ but rather, how well you stayed within
the lines when coloring as a child or even coloring as an adult. In other
words, planning a business takes discipline.
The
desire to be part of the wonderful, rare and beautiful world of the suri
alpaca can be a great lifestyle and very rewarding business.
Once
the need comes for rational planning, there comes the realization
that the ultimate product of your revenue could be one of several
options. Many of these options are dictated by one's personal financial
position. Options like: 1) Hobby with unlimited funds; 2) Hobby
with a break-even goal: 3) Desire to raise suri alpacas to sell
fiber and make a profit: 4)Establish a profitable business with
unlimited funds .5) Establish a profitable business with limited
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This
article will attempt to demonstrate that a very profitable business
can be established with limited funding. Once that has been established,
it becomes clear that option 3 can work in the U.S. without adding
additional value from processing into a product needs study and
will not be further discussed in this article.
Let's
start with some assumptions
1.
Purchase 5 suri alpacas as a starter Package.
2. Package will consist of the following
- 2
bred females (1 white, 1 fawn)
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2 weanling females (1 white, 1 bay black)
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1 show/herd sire quality yearling male
3. We already have property (at least a couple
acres fenced) and a small barn.
4. We need to borrow 45% of the funds to get started.
5. We can depreciate our suri alpacas over 5 years. |
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Cost
of our 5 Peruvian Suri Alpaca Investment
Bred
White Female Suri
Bred
Fawn Female Suri
Weanling
White Female Suri
Weanling
Bay-Black Female Suri
Yearling
Show Winning Colored Male
Total
Package Discount (10%)
Investment in Suri Alpacas |
$22,500
$25,000
$15,000
$25,000
$22,500
$110,000
$11,000
$99,000 |
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Based
on our investment, let's prepare a three year projection
Assumptions for the three-year projection
1.
$99,000 spent on alpacas
2. $11,000 spent on equipment including scales,
internal fencing for barn, medical supplies, ect.
3. Have $15,000 available for operating funds.
4. The total of the above in $125,000, and you
have cash available of 70,000.
5. Borrow $55,000 from bank at 9.50% (prime +1)
over 5 years.
6. Females are first bred at 15 month and 90% of
the eligible females produce a cria.
7. 50% of offspring are males and 50% are females.
8. On average, a young female suri sells for $15,000,
and, on average, a young male suri sells for $5,000.
9. Only purchased alpaca are insured at 3.25%.
10.
Assume federal and state tax rate of 35%.
11.
Assume 5-year depreciation combined with section 179 allowance.
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| Income
and Expense Projections (also Federal and State Return Information) |
| Income |
1st
Year |
2nd
Year |
3rd
Year |
| Sale
of Alpacas |
$0 |
$20,000 |
$20,00 |
| Breeding
Fees |
0 |
2,500 |
7,500 |
| Fiber
Sales |
250 |
350 |
450 |
| Total
Income |
$250 |
$22,850 |
$27,950 |
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| Expenses |
1st
Year |
2nd
Year |
3rd
Year |
| Insurance |
$3,250 |
$3,250 |
$3,250 |
| Shearing |
125 |
175 |
225 |
| Travel
and Meals |
250 |
300 |
350 |
| Seminars
& Conv. |
300 |
450 |
600 |
| Veterinary |
400 |
500 |
500 |
| Telephone |
600 |
500 |
500 |
| Hay
and Feed |
300 |
350 |
400 |
| Depreciation |
101,250 |
1,275 |
895 |
| Marketing |
500 |
2,000 |
4,000 |
| Interest |
2,415 |
1,950 |
1,490 |
| Total
Expenses |
$109,390 |
$10,750 |
$12,210 |
| Net
Income |
-$109,140 |
$9,200 |
$15,740 |
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Starting
with a $109,140 first year tax loss generated primarily form depreciation
note that in the second year we have a tax profit of $9,200. Since
depreciation is not a cash outlay item, but the principal payment
on our loan and refunds from the government is, let's take a look
at our cash flow each year. |
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| Cash
Flow Calculations |
1st
Year |
2nd
Year |
3rd
Year |
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Beginning
Cash |
$15,000 |
$36,660 |
$36,085 |
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Net
Cash Flow * |
21,660 |
**(575) |
525 |
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Ending
Cash |
36,660 |
36,085 |
36,610 |
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*Net
Cash Flow is net income plus depreciation, plus tax refunds and
less principal loan payments.
(see below)
**Tax Shelter is running out, time to buy more alpacas. |
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*Net
Cash Flow |
.......computed
for first year as follows |
| ($109,140) |
.......Tax
Loss |
101,250 |
.......Add
Non Cash Item Depreciation |
(8,650) |
.......Principal
Part of Loan Payment |
38,200 |
.......Add
Tax Refund or Tax Payment Decrease |
$21,600 |
.......First
Year Cash Increase |
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Next
we should look at our inventory of Peruvian Suris. |
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| Alpaca
Inventory |
1st
Year |
2nd
Year |
3rd
Year |
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Beginning
Cash |
5 |
7 |
7 |
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Births |
(
1 m / 1 f )
2 |
(
1 m / 1 f )
2 |
(
2 m / 2 f )
4 |
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Sales |
0 |
(
1 m / 1 f )
2 |
( 1 m / 1 f )
2 |
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End
of Year |
7 |
7 |
(
3 m / 6 f )
9 |
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Starting
with 5 suris, by the end of year 3 we have 9: that is after a sale
of 2 each in both the second and third years. Now putting the pieces
together, let's determine how much wealth or value we have accumulated
as a result of our venture. |
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| Value
Calculations |
1st
Year |
2nd
Year |
3rd
Year |
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Alpaca
value at end of year |
$119,000 |
$144,000 |
$164,000 |
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Accumulated
cash |
36,660 |
36,085 |
36,610 |
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Original
equipment |
11,000 |
8,800 |
6,600 |
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Balance
due on loan |
46,350 |
36,725 |
26,125 |
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Equity
in project |
$120,310 |
$152,160 |
$181,085 |
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Investment |
70,000 |
120,310 |
152,160 |
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Return |
72% |
26% |
19% |
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Starting with our original cash investment
of $70,000, note that after adding up our cash, equipment after
depreciation, on loan balance and our inventory of alpacas, we now
have a total value of $94,325 at the end of the first year: this
computes to a 35% rate of return. In the second year, we generated
a 39% return, and the third year a 25% return.
Right away, the question should come to mind-why the reduced return
in the third year? The answer is that year now have a partner -Uncle
Sam. You are so successful that he is no longer giving you tax refunds
or tax reductions. Instead, you have started to pay him.
The solution to the reduced return is as follows. Now that you have
been in business for 3 years and have proven you are a successful
breeder, it's time to visit your local banker. Show him the results
of your success and borrow money to expand your business.
The
desire to own the wonderful, rare and beautiful suri alpaca can
be a great lifestyle and a very rewarding business. With less than
1% of the world population of alpaca declining suri and declining
yearly, the potential is unlimited for the limited number of dedicated
suri breed breeders in the United States. Jack
Donaldson is a former president of a large regional bank and also
a CPA. He served on the AOBA. Board as Treasurer from June 1996-2000.
He is very involved with the Suri network and serves on its Marketing
Committee. He is CO-owner, with his wife Miriam, of Alpaca Jack's
(419)423-3890; alpacajack@aol.com
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